( )不是有效的推理。
A、前提:("x)(~P(x)ÞQ(x)), ("x)~Q(x)结论:P(a)
B、前提:("x)(P(x)ÞQ) 结论:("x)P(x)ÞQ
C、前提:("x)(P(x)∨Q(x)), ("x)(Q(x)Þ~R(x)) 结论:($x)(R(x)ÞP(x))
D、前提:("x)(P(x)Þ(Q(x)∧R(x))), ($x)(P(x)∧S(x))结论:("x)(R(x)∧S(x))
E、前提:("x)($y)P(x, y)结论:("x)($y)($z)(P(x, y)∧P(y, z))
F、前提:("x)P(x)∨("x)Q(x)结论:("x)(P(x)∨Q(x))G、前提:("x)(G(x)ÞH(x)),~($x)(F(x)∧H(x))结论:($x)F(x)Þ($x)G(x)H、前提:("x)(H(x)ÞM(x))结论:("x)("y)(H(y)∧N(x, y)) Þ ($y)(M(y)∧N(a, y) )
发布时间:2025-07-26 03:28:56